Networking Concepts Networking Concepts Data Link Layer: Stop-and-Wait ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest): Definition: Stop-and-Wait is a simple ARQ protocol in the Data Link Layer. Key Points: The sender sends one frame and then waits for an acknowledgment from the receiver. If an acknowledgment is not received, the sender assumes that the frame was lost and retransmits it. Simple but can lead to inefficiencies in utilizing network bandwidth. Data Link Layer: Token Bus and Token Ring: Token Bus: Definition: Token Bus is a network protocol in which a logical token is passed around the nodes to control access to the network. Key Points: Nodes on the network can transmit data only when they possess the token. Ensures fair access to the network. ...
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Network security techniques
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Network security techniques, Password and Authentication, VPN, IP Security, security in electronic transaction, Secure Socket Layer(SSL), Secure Shell (SSH), Introduction to Firewall, Packet filtering, Stateful, Application layer, Proxy. It seems like you are interested in learning about network security techniques. Network security is the process of protecting computer networks and data from unauthorized access, attacks, or risks. There are many methods and protocols that can be used to achieve network security, such as: - Password and Authentication: This is the method of verifying the identity and permission of a user who wants to access a network or a resource. Passwords are secret codes that only the authorized user knows, while authentication can also involve other factors, such as physical tokens, biometric features, or digital certificates¹. - VPN (Virtual Private Network): This is a technique of creating a secure and encrypted connection between two devices ov...
Internet Technology (Networking, HTML, CSS, JavaScript , PHP etc.)
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1. What are the basic tags of HTML? Explain with example? 2. What is hyperlink? What are the different types of links used in HTML? Differentiates between hyperlink and hypermedia? 3. Define JavaScript? Explain the client-side benefits of using JavaScript over VBScript 4. What is CSS? Explain various types of CSS with examples? 5. Differentiate between HUB and SWITCH 1. Basic HTML Tags: HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) uses various tags to structure and format web content. Here are some basic HTML tags along with examples: - `<html>`: Defines the beginning and end of an HTML document. <html> <!-- Your content goes here --> </html> ...
Introduction to Management
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Introduction to Management Definition and nature of management Evolution of management theories Functions of management (planning, organizing, leading, controlling) Roles and skills of managers Managerial levels and hierarchy Certainly, here's a brief overview of the topics you've mentioned: Definition and Nature of Management : Management can be defined as the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources (people, finances, materials) to achieve organizational goals efficiently and effectively. It involves making decisions, setting goals, and coordinating efforts. Evolution of Management Theories : Management theories have evolved over time. They started with classical management theories like Scientific Management (Frederick Taylor) and Administrative Management (Henri Fayol), and have since evolved to include various approaches like Human Relations, Contingency Theory, and more recently, Management 3.0. Functions of Management : There ...
What is Object Oriented Programming (OOPs)
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o What is Object Oriented Programming (OOPs)? Define The Major and Minor Elements of OOPs ? Ans:- Object oriented programming is an approach to program organization and development, which attends to eliminate some of the pitfalls of conventional programming features which several new concepts. It is a new way of organizing and developing programs as nothing to do with any particular language. OOPs in Java is to improved code readability and reusability by defining a java program efficiently. The main principal of OOPs are ‘Abstraction’ , ‘Encapsulation’, ‘Inheritance’ and ‘Polymorphism’ . This Concept aim to implement real world entities in program. *Major Elements of OOPs Concept: - The major elements in OOPs are – ...
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ভারতীয় পরিবারের বর্ণানুক্রমনামূলক ব্যবস্থা কৃষ্ণাঙ্গ পরিবার ও শেতাঙ্গ পরিবার কাকে বলে ? কৃষ্ণাঙ্গ পরিবার ও শেতাঙ্গ পরিবার দুটি প্রাচীন ভারতীয় বর্ণব্যবস্থার অংশ। এই পরিবারগুলি অত্রি, ইন্দ্রভৃতু, আদি বৃহত্তর জাতিগুলির অংশ। কৃষ্ণাঙ্গ পরিবারের সদস্যরা কালে পুরোহিত বা ধর্মিক কার্যক্রমে নিয়োজিত ছিলেন, যেখানে শেতাঙ্গ পরিবারের সদস্যরা বৃহত্তর জাতির শ্রমিক ছিলেন। শেতাঙ্গ পরিবারের অধিকাংশ সদস্যরা কৃষ্ণাঙ্গ পরিবারের সাথে সংকৃতিত ছিলেন, কারণ তাদের কাজকর্ম এবং যাত্রাপ্রাপ্তির সময় ভুল গণনা হত। বিবাহ বিচ্ছেদের কারণ হিসেবে বন্ধ্যাত্ব আলোচনা করো? বন্ধ্যাত্বের হিসেবে বিবাহ বিচ্ছেদের কারণ সম্পর্কে বিভিন্ন প্রশংসা এবং সম্মানের অভাব, অবসাদ এবং অস্থির আর্থিক অবস্থা থাকতে পারে। মানসিক সমস্যার জন্য সাহায্য না পেতে বা সামাজিক প্রেসারের কারণে বন্ধ্যাত্বের সিদ্ধান্ত নিতে হতে পারে। আরোগ্য সমস্যার জন্য পরিবারের প্রতিষ্ঠান বা সামাজিক দায়িত্ব নিয়ে বন্ধ্যা সিদ্ধ হতে পারে। সামাজিক চাপের কারণে অদৃশ্য বন্ধ্যা অবস্থা তবে এটি অপরিহার্য নয়, যেটি উচ্চতর চিকিৎসা এবং সহায়তা দ্বারা সমাধান করা যেতে পারে। সূত্রপা...
The differences between a paragraph and an essay
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Define What is a paragraph A paragraph is a self-contained unit of written text that presents a distinct idea or subject. It usually consists of a group of sentences that are thematically related and serve to develop a single point or idea. A paragraph is often characterized by its length, which can vary depending on the writer's purpose and the complexity of the idea being presented. Effective paragraphs are well-crafted and structured, with a clear topic sentence that establishes the main idea and supporting sentences that provide examples, evidence, and analysis to demonstrate and explain that idea . Define What is a essay An essay is a type of text written in prose that presents an idea, argument or point of view of the author on a given topic. Typically, it includes an introduction, development of arguments that support the author's thesis, and a conclusion that summarizes and emphasizes the key points of the piece. Essays can take many forms, including des...